📈 Percentage Change Calculator

Calculate percentage increase, decrease or difference between any two values

What do you want to calculate?

How to calculate percentage change

The formula for percentage change is:

% Change = ((New − Old) ÷ |Old|) × 100

A positive result means an increase. A negative result means a decrease. Common uses: price changes, salary increases, exam score improvements, stock returns.

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The percentage change calculator shows how much a value has grown or shrunk between two points in time, expressed as a percentage. It is handy for tracking price moves, sales figures, investment returns, exam scores, or any before-and-after comparison where the relative size of the change matters more than the raw difference. Enter your starting and ending numbers and the result appears instantly.

How the Percentage Change Calculator Works

The calculator uses a single formula: percentage change = ((new value − old value) ÷ |old value|) × 100. It subtracts the starting (old) value from the ending (new) value, divides by the absolute value of the old figure to express the gap relative to where you began, then multiplies by 100 to turn the ratio into a percentage.

A positive result is an increase and a negative result is a decrease. Using the absolute value of the old number keeps the percentage meaningful even when the starting value is negative, which is common with profit-and-loss data. Percentages are useful because they normalise the change: a ten dollar move on a twenty dollar item is far more significant than the same ten dollar move on a thousand dollar item, and only the percentage makes that clear at a glance.

It is worth remembering that percentage increases and decreases are not symmetric. If a value rises by fifty percent and then falls by fifty percent, you do not end up back where you started — the second fifty percent is taken from a larger base. This is why the direction of the comparison, and which figure you treat as the old value, always matters when you read a percentage change.

Example 1: A product rises from $80 to $100. Change = ((100 − 80) ÷ 80) × 100 = +25%, meaning the price went up by a quarter.
Example 2: Website traffic falls from 5,000 to 4,250 visits. Change = ((4,250 − 5,000) ÷ 5,000) × 100 = −15%, a fifteen percent drop from the previous period.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you calculate percentage change?

Percentage change = ((New Value - Old Value) / |Old Value|) × 100. A positive result means an increase, negative means a decrease.

What is the difference between percentage change and percentage difference?

Percentage change tracks movement from one value to another (requires knowing which is old/new). Percentage difference compares two values without a direction.

Is this calculator free?

Yes — completely free, no sign-up required.